JLPT N1 Grammar
〜とあって (to atte) "Because of the special circumstances; due to the fact that" This expression is used to indicate that a situation is special, unusual, or particular, and as a natural result of that situation, a certain state or action follows. It highlights a cause-and-effect relationship where the
JLPT N1 Grammar
〜なり (nari) "As soon as; the moment that" This expression is used to describe a situation where Action B occurs almost instantaneously and unexpectedly after Action A. It focuses on the split-second transition between two events. * Formality: Neutral to Formal. It is primarily a written expression or used
JLPT N1 Grammar
〜や否や (ya ina ya) "The moment...; as soon as..." This expression describes an action that happens immediately after another. The "否 (ina)" literally means "no" or "not," so the phrase carries the literal sense of "whether the first action had finished
JLPT N1 Grammar
〜そばから (soba kara) "As soon as; right after (repeatedly)" This expression is used to describe a situation where, even though an action is performed, another contrary or obstructive action occurs immediately afterward. It is almost always used to express the speaker's frustration, annoyance, or sense of
JLPT N1 Grammar
〜が早いか (ga hayai ka) "As soon as; the moment that" This expression indicates that as soon as one action occurs, another action happens almost simultaneously or immediately afterward. It emphasizes the extreme speed and lack of any interval between the two events. * Formality: Highly formal and literary. * Context:
JLPT N1 Grammar
〜であれ (de are) "Whether it be; be it; no matter if it is" This expression is used to indicate that regardless of which option or alternative is chosen from among multiple possibilities, the statement that follows applies equally to all. It emphasizes universality and impartiality—that the condition,
JLPT N1 Grammar
〜か〜まいか (ka... mai ka) “Whether to... or not; to do or not to do” This expression is used to describe a state of hesitation or indecision between two opposing actions. It captures the internal conflict of a speaker (or a subject) who is wavering between performing an action and
JLPT N1 Grammar
〜のやら〜のやら (no yara ~ no yara) "Whether... or...; I don't know if... or..." This expression is used to list two contrasting or related possibilities, states, or reasons when the speaker is uncertain, confused, or even slightly overwhelmed by the situation. It often carries a nuance of
JLPT N1 Grammar
〜といわず〜といわず (to iwazu ~ to iwazu) "Not just A or B, but everything; both A and B (and everything else in between)" This expression is used to indicate that a certain state or action applies to everything within a category, without exception. It typically lists two representative examples
JLPT N1 Grammar
〜であれ〜であれ (de are... de are...) "Whether it be A or B; No matter if it is A or B" This expression is used to list two contrasting or related examples to emphasize that the same condition, rule, or result applies to both, and by extension, to everything
JLPT N1 Grammar
〜かれ〜かれ (kare ~ kare) “Sooner or later; more or less; whether... or...” This grammar point is used to express that regardless of the degree or timing, a certain outcome is inevitable or a certain state exists. It is formed by pairing two contrasting i-adjectives (usually opposites) to show that the
JLPT N1 Grammar
〜いかんだ (ikan da) “Depends on; is contingent upon; whether or not depends on” This expression is used to indicate that a result, outcome, or decision is entirely determined by a specific factor or situation. It emphasizes that the preceding noun is the key variable that will decide the final consequence.